To adjust your budget effectively, start by reviewing your income and expenses. If your income changes, recalibrate your spending categories, cutting back on non-essentials and reallocating funds to savings or debt repayment. For new goals, prioritize them in your budget by setting realistic amounts for short-term and long-term objectives. In case of financial emergencies, build an emergency fund or tap into it if needed, adjusting your budget to focus on essentials and delay non-urgent expenses. Regularly track progress, and be flexible—revisit your budget monthly to ensure it aligns with any shifts in your financial situation.